What is AMH?

Anti-Mullerian hormone (AMH) is a dimeric glycoprotein secreted by testicular supporting cells and granulosa cells of the sinusoidal follicles and is a member of the transforming growth factor superfamily B. AMH regulates follicular development, is involved in follicular growth and remains relatively constant throughout the menstrual cycle.

AMH values play an important role in the assessment of a woman's fertility, so women should have their AMH values measured regularly to detect problems early and protect their fertility.

Clinical application of AMH

AMH plays an important role in the assessment of a woman's fertility. Its concentration can reflect the level of ovarian development, which in turn can reflect a woman's fertility. Regular measurement of AMH can help to avoid the tragedy of poor fertility outcomes in a preventive manner.

In women, AMH secretion by ovarian granulosa cells begins at 36 weeks of gestational age and continues at very low levels until after birth. The level of AMH rises gradually before sexual maturity and enters a plateau between puberty and 25 years of age. After sexual maturity, as ovarian function declines with age, the level of AMH gradually decreases from its peak value until the menopausal period, when it is undetectable in the serum.

Specific clinical applications of AMH are shown below:

① AMH is used to assess ovarian reserve function and the number of remaining follicles, including premature ovarian insufficiency (POI), premature ovarian failure (POF).

② AMH is used to assess ovarian function after chemotherapy in breast cancer patients and can accurately identify women with unrecoverable ovarian function in early analyses after the end of chemotherapy.

③ AMH levels correlate with the severity of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) and are highly sensitive and specific for the diagnosis of PCOS, making it possible to accurately diagnose PCOS.

④ High AMH levels associated with preterm birth.

⑤ Serum AMH levels can effectively reflect ovarian reserve function and predict ovarian responsiveness in controlled ovulation optimisation (COH).

⑥ AMH can affect the differentiation of the male reproductive system and regulate processes such as spermatogenesis, all of which can lead to male infertility.

Factors affecting AMH

Increased AMH levels may be due to:

Polycystic Ovary Syndrome（PCOS）

Irregular menstruation, disruption of hormone levels in the body and endocrine disorders

Ovarian Hyperstimulation Syndrome (OHS)

Irregular diet and prolonged late nights

Summary

AMH test can assess the reserve function of the ovaries, as well as diagnose conditions such as premature ovarian failure, polycystic ovary syndrome, and assist in the diagnosis of a number of other conditions. Therefore, it plays an important role and value in the assessment of a woman's fertility, so women should measure their AMH regularly in order to detect problems early and protect their fertility.

The ReLIA AMH Immunoassay is CE-marked cleared. For more details on ReLIA AMH Immunoassay products and prices please contact us at  marketing@ReLIAchina.com

References

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[8] WANG Yuanyuan,LI Wanyu,ZHENG Xi. Progress of gynecological clinical application of anti-mullerian hormone[J]. Yanbian University Medical Journal,2021,44(04):311-314.

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